This lecture will cover the portable architecture that supported a mobile lifestyle of Indigenous peoples in the Plateau region of North America. It will discuss how people’s patterns of movement over the landscape changed in response colonization, even before colonizers themselves entered the region. Access to horses, released from New Spain (New Mexico) after the 1680 Pueblo Revolt, allowed people to travel faster and farther and carry more material wealth with them. People traveled in large groups to hunt bison in the Great Plains and bring bison robes and meat back to Plateau centers such as Celilo to trade with others from throughout the Plateau and Northwest coast.
Tule mat lodges were the second oldest building type for most Plateau Peoples. These included long lodges housing multiple families and ceremonial gatherings. They also included conical lodges and, less frequently, vertical-walled, gable-roofed lodges. Specialized structures were erected for fish-drying and as temporary shelters during summer food gathering. After people began traveling to the plains and hunting bison, many transitioned to bison-skinned tipis. As bison were killed off and trade goods from European Americans and Canadians became more available, Plateau people transitioned to canvas tipis. Although built of other materials, the concept of the long lodge endures and they are used for a variety of continuing ceremonial and social gatherings.
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