The third, and final lecture will focus specifically on the transition from Etruscan to Roman power, and the corresponding global architectural ramifications. As influence shifted away from Etruscan cities to the Iron Age village developing along the banks of the Tiber River (through both conquest and assimilation), certain architectural ideas were adopted and assimilated, and others abandoned. Etruscan temple architecture fused with a continual influence from Greece, giving rise to a specifically Roman temple form. Etruscan vaulting, far more ambitious than Greek, directly inspired larger Roman arches and domes. Transitional structures, like the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, reveal the balancing of global influences and evolving architecture that were essential to Rome’s rise as a regional power. The conquering of the city of Veii in 396 BCE was a symbolic takeover of the Etruscans by the Romans, but Etruscan influence would persist. Prior to the Sack of Rome (386 BCE), the city maintained far more Etruscan structures than it does today, yet the Etruscan legacy remains embedded in Rome’s nascent forms, and in some ways, formed the basis for the global expansion of Roman architecture.
1. Etruscan Rome
2. Etruscan Architecture becomes Roman.
3. Etruscan Temples in Rome
4. Vitruvius & Legacy.
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